International tribunals provide a venue for adjudicating certain types of international disputes, facilitating the settlement of problems requiring specialized expertise,
"The Security Council may decide what measures not involving the use of armed force are to be…
This piece includes overviews of the schools of Islamic law and an introduction to how Islamic law is integrated into legal systems around the world.
Islamic LawIslamic Law, commonly referred to as Shariah, governs interpersonal conduct and regulates the ritual practices…
In courthouses around the world, judicial attire communicates professionalism and institutional integrity.
Why Do Judges Wear Robes?In many countries, judges wear robes as a professional uniform, sometimes with accessories such as wigs or collars. This tradition has been…
Court systems around the world experience high caseloads. Many courts have found that proactive case management by individual judges helps ensure the prompt administration of justice.
ChallengesAlthough there are well-accepted tenets of JCM, the manner and extent to which…
Many countries have an entity known as a judicial council, responsible for different aspects of judicial governance, from overseeing the judicial career to promoting professional standards and court efficiency. Recent reform initiatives have focused on ensuring that judicial councils operate…
Judges are expected to be knowledgeable about the law, familiar with court procedure, and comport themselves in a professional and respectful manner. Canons of judicial conduct codify these expectations and judicial institutes prepare judges to meet them. While most countries have a judicial…
Most judicial systems around the world have adopted codes of conduct or equivalent rules to guide judicial officers on a range of issues. Although there are different models for enforcing norms of judicial behavior, there is global consensus that judicial integrity requires the highest ethical…
Accountability—of government institutions and officials—is an integral component of the rule of law. One tool used to promote judicial branch accountability is judicial performance evaluation. Assessing judicial “quality” is a complex and sensitive undertaking. Those critical of efforts to evaluate…