Universal jurisdiction, a principle of international law applied most often in criminal cases, authorizes a nat
Universal Civil JurisdictionUniversal civil jurisdiction is a related doctrine that emerged as domestic courts began to adjudicate tort claims stemming from…
Foreign judges have been “imported” throughout history, dating back to Ancient Greece when independent city-states br
Local CapacityThe process of developing a pool of skilled judges takes time. In countries without a well-established legal profession, especially those with…